scope
scope — 名詞
- scopesingular
- scopesplural
1. the full range of ideas, topics, or activities that a subject, document, discuss
範圍；範疇
議題或活動涉及的領域大小
the full range of ideas, topics, or activities that a subject, document, discussion, project, or law covers or deals with.
The scope of the science project included climate change and renewable energy.
這項科學專題的範圍涵蓋了氣候變遷與再生能源。
collocation: the scope of [project/subject]
The lawyer argued that the new regulation fell outside the scope of the existing constitution.
律師主張這項新法規超出了現行憲法的範圍。
preposition pattern: outside the scope of [noun]
Hari's responsibilities as team leader went well beyond the scope of his original job description.
Hari 身為團隊領導者的職責遠遠超出了他原本工作說明的範疇。
The committee voted to widen the scope of the investigation to include records from the past five years.
委員會投票決定擴大調查的範圍，納入過去五年的記錄。
Readers praised the novel for the impressive scope of its historical research across three centuries.
讀者們讚揚這本小說橫跨三個世紀的歷史研究涵蓋範圍之廣。
- limit
a fixed boundary rather than a range
文法句型
the scope of [noun phrase]
within/beyond/outside the scope of [noun phrase]
用法筆記
Frequently used with the prepositions 'of', 'within', 'beyond', and 'outside'. The phrase 'outside the scope of' signals that something is not covered or included.
常見錯誤
2. the chance or possibility to do, use, or develop something, especially in a crea
空間；餘地
發展或行動的可能性
the chance or possibility to do, use, or develop something, especially in a creative or flexible way.
The studio offers young artists plenty of scope to develop their own style.
這間工作室為年輕藝術家提供了充足的空間來發展自己的風格。
pattern: scope for [someone] to [verb]
The current system leaves very little scope for creative problem-solving among junior staff.
現行制度幾乎沒有為基層員工留下發揮創意解決問題的餘地。
collocation: little scope for [noun/gerund]
Rania saw considerable scope for improvement in the way the team handled customer complaints.
Rania 認為團隊處理客戶申訴的方式還有相當大的改善空間。
The new government funding provides scope for the school to hire additional science teachers.
這筆新的政府資金讓學校有餘力增聘自然科教師。
- room
more informal; scope often sounds more deliberate or professional
- opportunity
more concrete; scope suggests a general space for action rather than a specific chance
- capacity
focuses on ability rather than possibility
文法句型
scope for [noun/gerund]
little/plenty/considerable scope for [noun/gerund]
用法筆記
Typically uncountable and used in positive or neutral contexts. Often paired with adjectives like 'little', 'plenty of', 'considerable', 'ample', or 'limited'.
常見錯誤
3. a tube-shaped optical instrument with lenses or mirrors that makes distant objec
望遠鏡
觀察遠方天體的器具
a tube-shaped optical instrument with lenses or mirrors that makes distant objects in the sky appear larger and clearer.
Henrik set up his scope on the rooftop to watch the meteor shower.
Henrik 在屋頂上架好望遠鏡，準備觀賞流星雨。
informal use: 'scope' for 'telescope'
The astronomer adjusted the scope until the rings of Saturn came into clear view.
天文學家調整望遠鏡，直到土星環清晰可見。
Meera adjusted her new scope to get a clearer view of the craters on the Moon.
Meera 調整了她的新望遠鏡，想更清楚地觀看月球上的隕石坑。
Dahlia spent hours with her scope on the balcony photographing the Orion Nebula.
Dahlia 花了幾個小時用陽台上的望遠鏡拍攝獵戶座星雲。
- telescope
the full, more formal term; 'scope' is a shortening
用法筆記
Informally, English speakers often shorten 'telescope' to 'scope' when the context of stargazing or birdwatching is clear.
4. a small telescope-like device attached to the top of a gun or rifle that helps t
瞄準鏡
安裝在槍枝上的瞄準裝置
a small telescope-like device attached to the top of a gun or rifle that helps the user aim by making the target appear larger and clearer.
The hunter looked through the scope and waited for a deer to step into view.
獵人透過瞄準鏡看出去，等待鹿走進視線。
context: hunting
Reuben spent the afternoon adjusting the scope on his rifle at the shooting range.
Reuben 整個下午都在射擊場調整步槍上的瞄準鏡。
collocation: scope on [gun/rifle]
Andrés cleaned the lens of his scope and then hit the bullseye from two hundred metres away.
Andrés 清潔了瞄準鏡的鏡片，然後在兩百公尺外擊中了靶心。
The soldier checked that the scope on his rifle was aligned before the training exercise began.
士兵在訓練開始前確認了步槍上的瞄準鏡已經調正。
- rifle scope
more specific and formal; specifies the weapon type
- telescopic sight
formal term used in technical descriptions
用法筆記
Also called a 'rifle scope' or 'telescopic sight'. In hunting and shooting contexts, 'scope' alone is the usual short form.
5. a scientific instrument with powerful lenses that makes extremely small objects
顯微鏡
觀察微小物體的科學儀器
a scientific instrument with powerful lenses that makes extremely small objects look large enough to be studied in detail.
Under the scope, the students could see the tiny cells that make up a leaf.
在顯微鏡下，學生們可以看到構成葉子的微小細胞。
context: education / biology lab
The lab technician cleaned the scope lens before examining the blood sample under high magnification.
實驗室技術員在進行高倍率觀察之前，先清潔了顯微鏡的鏡片。
Mayumi used a scope to study bacteria in a petri dish for her biology project.
Mayumi 用顯微鏡觀察培養皿中的細菌，作為她的生物專題研究。
The forensic scientist used a scope to examine tiny fibres found at the crime scene.
鑑識科學家用顯微鏡仔細檢查了犯罪現場發現的微小纖維。
- microscope
the full, more formal term; 'scope' is a shortening used in informal speech
用法筆記
In laboratory and classroom settings, 'scope' is commonly used as an informal short form of 'microscope'.
6. a slender medical device with a light and a small camera at its tip, inserted in
內視鏡
檢查體內器官的醫療裝置
a slender medical device with a light and a small camera at its tip, inserted into the body so that doctors can see inside organs without major surgery.
The doctor inserted a thin scope into the patient's stomach to check for ulcers.
醫生將一根細長的內視鏡從病人的喉嚨伸入胃中，檢查是否有潰瘍。
medical context: examination procedure
The surgeon examined the knee joint with a tiny camera on the end of the scope.
外科醫師利用內視鏡前端的小型攝影機檢查膝關節內部。
Nkechi watched the monitor as the scope moved slowly through the patient's digestive tract.
Nkechi 看著螢幕，鏡頭隨著內視鏡慢慢通過病人的消化道。
The veterinary surgeon used a scope to look inside the dog's lungs for signs of infection.
獸醫師用內視鏡檢查狗的肺部，尋找是否有感染的跡象。
The ear specialist inserted a tiny scope to examine the patient's eardrum for signs of damage.
耳科專科醫師將一根極小的內視鏡伸入病人耳內，檢查耳膜是否有受損跡象。
- endoscope
the full medical term
- arthroscope
a specific type of endoscope used for joints
用法筆記
In medical contexts, 'scope' is a shortening of 'endoscope' or 'arthroscope'. The full medical name is usually preferred in formal writing.
7. a general term for any optical or electronic device designed to let a person see
觀測器
用於觀測的各式光學儀器
a general term for any optical or electronic device designed to let a person see or examine something that would otherwise be difficult to observe.
The engineer peered through the scope on the pipeline tool before lowering it into the shaft.
工程師透過管線檢測工具上的觀測器看了看，然後把它降到豎井裡。
technical/industrial context
Bao's doctor used a tiny scope to examine his vocal cords through a thin tube inserted into the throat.
Bao 的醫生用一根細小的觀測器從喉嚨伸入，檢查他的聲帶。
medical viewing instrument for examination
The device is a compact scope that helps rescue workers see through smoke and rubble.
這個裝置是一種輕巧的觀測器，能幫助救難人員看穿煙霧和瓦砾。
The photographer attached a special scope to her camera for taking close-up shots of insects.
攝影師在她的相機上安裝了一個特殊的觀測器，用來拍攝昆蟲的特寫照。
- optical instrument
more formal and broader in meaning
- viewer
simpler but less specific
scope — 名詞構詞成分
1. a word element that appears as the second half of compound nouns to name an inst
觀測詞綴
構成觀察或檢查儀器名稱的組合形式
a word element that appears as the second half of compound nouns to name an instrument designed for viewing, examining, or observing something (such as a microscope or telescope).
The word 'microscope' combines 'micro-' meaning small with the element '-scope' meaning a viewing instrument.
microscope 這個字由 micro- 表示「微小」和表示觀測器的 element '-scope' 組合而成。
word formation: micro- + -scope
Words ending in '-scope' name viewing instruments; a 'laparoscope' lets surgeons view the abdomen through tiny cuts in the skin.
以 '-scope' 結尾的字代表觀測儀器；laparoscope 讓外科醫師能透過皮膚上的微小切口觀察腹腔內部。
word formation: [prefix] + -scope = device for viewing [prefix object]
Scientists use the element '-scope' to create names for new instruments, like the 'arthroscope' used in knee surgery.
科學家使用 '-scope' 這個元素來為新儀器命名，例如用於膝蓋手術的 arthroscope。
In biology class, Folake learned that 'microscope' uses '-scope' to name the instrument that magnifies tiny cells.
在生物課上，Folake 學到 microscope 中的 '-scope' 是指能放大微小細胞的儀器。
scope — 字尾
1. a word ending that creates nouns naming instruments designed for observing, dete
鏡；觀測計
構成觀測或測量儀器名詞的後綴
a word ending that creates nouns naming instruments designed for observing, detecting, or measuring specific things.
The suffix '-scope' appears in words like 'stethoscope', used to listen to heart and lung sounds.
後綴 '-scope' 出現在 stethoscope 等詞彙中，用來聽心臟和肺部的聲音。
suffix: -scope in 'stethoscope'
The suffix '-scope' names scientific instruments: 'telescope' for viewing far objects and 'microscope' for viewing tiny details.
後綴 '-scope' 為科學儀器命名：telescope 用來觀看遠處物體，microscope 用來觀察微小的細節。
suffix: -scope names instrument types
'Periscope' joins a Greek prefix meaning 'around' with '-scope' to name a viewing device for submarines.
periscope 這個字由希臘文中表示「周圍」的字首加上 '-scope' 組成，命名一種能讓潛水艇裡的人看見水面上方情況的裝置。
The '-scope' in 'stethoscope' names a medical instrument, even though it detects sound rather than images.
stethoscope 中的 '-scope' 仍然表示醫療儀器，儘管它是用來探測聲音而非影像。
用法筆記
Productive suffix in scientific English. Almost all instruments named with this suffix are formed from Greek roots.
scope — 動詞
- scopepresent simple I / you / we / they
- scopes3rd person singular
- scoping-ing form
- scopedpast simple
1. to look at or inspect something closely and thoroughly, especially in order to e
仔細察看
仔細檢查以進行評估
to look at or inspect something closely and thoroughly, especially in order to evaluate its condition, quality, or suitability.
The inspector scoped the damage to the building before writing her report.
檢查員仔細察看了建築物的受損情況，然後撰寫報告。
Christopher scoped the restaurant's kitchen to check that every safety rule was being followed.
Christopher 仔細檢查了餐廳的廚房，確認每一項安全規定都有遵守。
Jabari hired an expert to scope the property for hidden structural problems.
Jabari 聘請專家仔細勘察了房產，尋找是否有潛在的結構問題。
The team scoped out the competition's newest product at the trade show.
團隊在展會上仔細觀察了競爭對手的最新產品。
文法句型
scope + direct object
scope something/someone out
用法筆記
Often appears as the phrasal verb 'scope out', which is slightly more informal and common in everyday conversation. 'Scope' alone sounds more professional or technical.
常見錯誤
2. to examine the inside of a hollow organ or body cavity using a specialised medic
內視檢查
用內視鏡檢查體內
to examine the inside of a hollow organ or body cavity using a specialised medical camera called an endoscope or arthroscope.
The surgeon scoped the patient's colon to look for polyps and other signs of disease.
外科醫師用內視鏡檢查了病人的結腸，尋找息肉和其他疾病跡象。
medical procedure: scope + body part
After the accident, the doctor scoped Talia's knee to determine whether the ligament was torn.
事故發生後，醫師用內視鏡檢查了 Talia 的膝蓋，確認韌帶是否有撕裂。
The specialist scoped Ziad's airway to find the cause of his recurring breathing difficulties.
專科醫師用內視鏡檢查了 Ziad 的呼吸道，尋找他反覆呼吸困難的原因。
The doctor scoped Daichi's sinuses to check for blockages causing his headaches.
醫師用內視鏡檢查了 Daichi 的鼻竇，尋找引起他頭痛的阻塞原因。
- examine with an endoscope
the full, formal description
文法句型
scope + body part
用法筆記
Technical medical usage. In everyday conversation, doctors would say 'perform an endoscopy' or 'put a scope in' rather than the single verb 'scope'.
3. to establish the boundaries, tasks, and requirements of a project or activity be
預先規劃
詳細規劃所有環節
to establish the boundaries, tasks, and requirements of a project or activity before carrying it out, so that nothing important is overlooked.
The team spent a week scoping the new app before writing any code.
團隊花了一週時間規劃新應用程式的功能，然後才開始寫程式碼。
business/project management context
Amihan's team needs to scope the mobile payment system before giving the restaurant chain a price.
Amihan 的團隊需要先好好規劃這套行動支付系統，才能給這家連鎖餐廳報價。
business context: scope [project] before pricing
Megan scoped the entire marketing campaign, from the initial idea to the final launch date.
Megan 從最初的構想到最終的上市日期，將整個行銷活動的每個環節都仔細規劃了一遍。
Felipe scoped every stage of the building process with the project manager before work began.
Felipe 在動工前就和專案經理一起規劃了建築過程的每一個階段。
文法句型
scope + direct object
scope out + direct object
用法筆記
Very common in business, software development, and project management contexts. Often used interchangeably with the phrasal verb 'scope out' in informal business speech.