claim
claim — 動詞
1. to state something as true without offering proof, especially when others may do
聲稱
未提供證據就說某事為真
to state something as true without offering proof, especially when others may doubt or disagree with what you say
Several witnesses claim they saw the man leave the building before midnight.
幾位目擊者聲稱他們看到那名男子在午夜前離開了大樓。
claim + that-clause for stating something unproven
The company's website claims its software can detect security threats instantly.
該公司的網站聲稱其軟體能即時偵測安全威脅。
No one has ever claimed to have solved the puzzle before today.
至今沒有人聲稱在今日之前解開過這個謎題。
Aiko claims she climbed the mountain in under five hours.
Aiko 聲稱她在五小時內爬完了那座山。
Tomás claimed all the credit for the team's success at the conference.
Tomás 在會議上聲稱團隊的成功全是他的功勞。
- assert
more formal and forceful than claim; suggests confidence without necessarily requiring evidence
- allege
often used in legal contexts, implying the statement has not yet been proved in court
- maintain
suggests keeping to a position despite opposition or doubt from others
- declare
more emphatic and official than claim; often used for public announcements
文法句型
claim + that-clause
claim + to-infinitive
claim + direct object (e.g., credit, responsibility)
用法筆記
Commonly followed by a that-clause or a to-infinitive. The that-clause version is more frequent in everyday speech. The object can be an abstract noun such as credit, responsibility, or victory.
常見錯誤
2. to declare that a group or business has a certain number of people or items asso
宣稱有
組織宣稱具有某種數量
to declare that a group or business has a certain number of people or items associated with it, without necessarily proving the figure
The union claims over fifty thousand members across the country.
該工會宣稱在全國擁有超過五萬名會員。
claim + number + of + members
That fitness app claims more than ten million downloads since last year.
那款健身應用程式宣稱自去年以來下載量已超過一千萬次。
The charity claims branches in over thirty countries around the world.
這間慈善機構宣稱在全球三十多個國家設有分支機構。
The museum claims a collection of more than two thousand ancient artifacts.
該博物館宣稱擁有兩千多件古代文物藏品。
The political party claims the support of most young voters in this region.
該政黨宣稱獲得該地區大多數年輕選民的支持。
文法句型
claim + number + of + noun (e.g., members, users, branches)
claim + noun (e.g., support, collection)
用法筆記
Subject is usually an organization, company, political party, or similar group. The claim often involves a number or statistic that is difficult to verify independently.
3. to demand or take possession of what belongs to you by law or fairness, such as
要求；認領
要求取得屬於自己的東西
to demand or take possession of what belongs to you by law or fairness, such as lost items, winnings, or ownership rights
Theo claimed his lost suitcase at the airport lost-property office.
Theo 在機場失物招領處認領了他遺失的行李箱。
claim + [belonging] + at [location]
No one came forward to claim the prize money from the lottery draw.
沒有人前來認領樂透彩券的獎金。
claim + [prize/winnings]
Hana claimed back the full cost of the damaged goods from the store.
Hana 向商店索回了受損商品的全部費用。
Leila plans to claim a tax deduction for her home office expenses.
Leila 計劃為她的居家辦公室費用申請稅務減免。
The farmer claimed ownership of the land after farming it for fifty years.
那位農夫在耕作該地五十年後，主張擁有那片土地的所有權。
- relinquish
to give up a right or claim to something
- waive
to choose not to demand or enforce a right
文法句型
claim + object (e.g., lost property, prize, money)
claim + back + object
claim + ownership/right to + object
用法筆記
Can be used with 'back' as a phrasal verb (claim back) when asking for a refund or return of money previously paid. The object is often a physical item or a sum of money that the speaker is entitled to.
常見錯誤
4. to make a formal written request to a government department, insurance company,
申領
向機構正式申請應得款項
to make a formal written request to a government department, insurance company, or other organization for money you believe they owe you
Priya claimed unemployment benefits after losing her job last month.
Priya 在上個月失業後申領了失業救濟金。
claim + [benefit/payment] from government
You can claim a refund if the airline cancels your flight.
如果航空公司取消你的航班，你可以申請退款。
claim + a refund
Rohan claimed for the damage to his car through his insurance company.
Rohan 透過他的保險公司就汽車損壞申請理賠。
The clinic claimed the full cost of the treatment from the health authority.
該診所向衛生主管機關申領了全額治療費用。
Many families claim child benefit to help raise their children.
許多家庭申領兒童津貼來幫助養育子女。
文法句型
claim + direct object (benefit, refund, cost)
claim + for + damage/loss
claim + from + organization
用法筆記
This sense can be either transitive (claim something) or intransitive (claim for something, claim against someone). In British English, 'claim for' is common; in American English, the transitive use is more frequent.
5. to officially demand payment from a person or company after an accident, injury,
索償
向責任方要求事故賠償
to officially demand payment from a person or company after an accident, injury, or loss, holding them responsible for the harm caused
Yara claimed compensation from the driver who caused the accident.
Yara 向肇事司機索償。
claim + [compensation/damages] + from [responsible party]
The family is claiming damages after the faulty appliance caused a fire.
那個家庭在故障電器引發火災後提出了損害賠償要求。
claim + damages + after [event]
Kofi plans to claim for the medical bills through the other driver's insurance.
Kofi 計劃透過對方司機的保險來索賠醫療費用。
Injured passengers can claim against the tour company for negligence.
受傷的乘客可以因過失向旅遊公司索償。
The night-shift nurse claimed payment for the injuries she suffered at work.
那位夜班護士就她在工作中所受的傷提出索賠。
- sue for
stronger legal action through a court; claim can be an informal or formal request
- seek damages
formal legal term; implies pursuit through the court system
文法句型
claim + compensation/damages + from + person/party
claim for + costs/expenses + through + insurance
claim against + person/organization + for + reason
用法筆記
Often used in legal and insurance contexts. The preposition 'against' introduces the party being held responsible. 'Damages' (plural) is a legal term for money awarded by a court.
常見錯誤
claim — 名詞
1. an assertion about the truth of something, put forward without supporting proof
說法；主張
未經證實的陳述
an assertion about the truth of something, put forward without supporting proof and often doubted by other people
The government's claim that unemployment had fallen was met with doubt.
政府聲稱失業率已經下降的說法遭到質疑。
noun claim + that-clause
Scientists have dismissed the claim as being based on poor research.
科學家駁斥該說法，認為其根據的是不可靠的研究。
dismiss + a claim + as + [adjective/noun]
Nadia made a claim about the company's profits that turned out to be false.
Nadia 對該公司獲利提出的主張後來被證實是虛假的。
The advertisement makes the bold claim that the cream removes all wrinkles.
那則廣告大膽聲稱該乳霜能消除所有皺紋。
Theo disputed his landlord's claim that the damage was his fault.
Theo 反駁房東的說法，不認為損壞是他的錯。
- assertion
more formal and neutral; does not carry the same implication of doubt
- allegation
used in legal or formal contexts, often suggesting the claim may be damaging
- statement
broader term; does not imply any lack of evidence
- denial
a statement that something is not true
文法句型
make a claim + that-clause
make a claim about + noun
dismiss / reject / dispute + a claim
用法筆記
Frequently followed by a that-clause specifying what the assertion is. Verbs commonly used with this sense include make, dismiss, reject, dispute, and support.
常見錯誤
2. a formal written request sent to an insurer, government body, or similar institu
理賠；索賠
向機構申請應得款項
a formal written request sent to an insurer, government body, or similar institution, asking for money that the sender considers their due
Diego submitted a claim to his insurance company for the stolen bicycle.
Diego 就失竊的腳踏車向他的保險公司提出理賠申請。
submit a claim + to [organization] + for [item]
You need to fill in this form before your claim can be processed.
你必須填寫這份表格，你的理賠申請才能進入處理程序。
The deadline for filing a claim is thirty days after the accident.
提出理賠申請的最後期限是事故發生後三十天內。
The insurance company rejected her claim because she had not paid the premium.
保險公司拒絕了她的理賠申請，因為她沒有繳納保費。
The court will decide whether the claim for damages is valid.
法院將裁決這項損害賠償請求是否成立。
- application
broader term; does not necessarily imply compensation or insurance context
- demand
stronger and more forceful; less commonly used for formal insurance requests
文法句型
submit / file / make + a claim + for + amount/noun
a claim + for + damages/compensation
reject / accept + a claim
用法筆記
Common collocations include submit/file/make a claim. A claim can be accepted, approved, rejected, or denied. In insurance contexts, a 'claim' is the formal request for payment after an insured event.
3. a legal or moral right to own something, receive something, or be recognized as
權利；資格
法律或道德上的應有權益
a legal or moral right to own something, receive something, or be recognized as the proper recipient of a benefit
Rosa has a strong claim to the property under her grandfather's will.
Rosa 根據她祖父的遺囑對該房產有強而有力的權利主張。
have a claim to + [property/inheritance]
The children have the first claim on their mother's estate after she dies.
孩子們對母親去世後的遺產享有優先繼承權。
first claim on + [estate/assets]
Your claim to the inheritance depends on the terms of the will.
你對遺產的權利取決於遺囑的條款。
The museum has a valid claim to the artifacts found at the old site.
該博物館對在古遺址發現的文物擁有合法的權利主張。
Both families have a claim to the land, and the dispute will go to court.
兩個家庭都對這塊土地擁有權利主張，糾紛將交由法院處理。
- right
more general and less formal; does not imply a contested or disputed entitlement
- title
legal term specifically for ownership of property; more formal than claim
- entitlement
formal term for a right to benefits or privileges, often from a system or policy
文法句型
have a claim to + noun
have a claim on + noun
claim to + inheritance/title/property
用法筆記
Often followed by 'to' or 'on' to indicate the thing you have a right to. The difference between 'claim to' and 'claim on' is subtle: 'claim to' focuses on the thing itself, while 'claim on' focuses on a share or portion of it.