mandate
/ˈmændeɪt/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈmændeɪt/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈman-ˌdāt/ (ame, mw) · /ˈmæn.deɪt/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈmæn.deɪt/ (ame, ipa)
mandate — 名詞
1. the power that voters grant to their elected government or party through an elec
授權；委任
選民賦予政府的權力
the power that voters grant to their elected government or party through an election, enabling it to pursue particular actions or policies
After the election, the new government claimed a clear mandate to reform the tax system.
選舉過後，新政府宣稱擁有明確的授權來改革稅制。
collocation: clear mandate / claim a mandate
Abigail believed the mayor had no mandate to sell public parks without a referendum.
Abigail 認為市長沒有在未經公投的情況下出售公立公園的權力。
mandate + to-infinitive for authority
The ruling party lost its mandate after failing to deliver promised education reforms.
執政黨因未能兌現教育改革承諾而失去執政授權。
Zuri argued that the result gave the council a strong mandate for reducing carbon emissions.
Zuri 主張這次選舉結果賦予了市議會強力的民意基礎來推動減碳。
Mira's vote gave the government a mandate to improve national healthcare.
Mira 投下的一票，賦予了政府改善全民醫療保健的委任。
- authority
broader term; mandate specifically implies electoral endorsement
- endorsement
focuses on the approval aspect rather than the power to act
- commission
more formal and task-specific; less about democratic process
- veto
a rejection of authority rather than a grant of it
文法句型
mandate to + infinitive
mandate for + noun phrase
用法筆記
Frequently paired with verbs like 'claim', 'have', 'give', 'receive', 'lose'. The source of the mandate is typically voters or the electorate, though this is often implied rather than stated.
常見錯誤
2. a territory that one country is appointed to administer on behalf of an internat
託管地
聯合國委託代管地區
a territory that one country is appointed to administer on behalf of an international body such as the United Nations, typically set up after a conflict has ended
After World War I, Palestine was governed as a British mandate until 1948.
第一次世界大戰後，巴勒斯坦由英國託管至 1948 年。
historical: governed as a mandate
Liang studied how Germany's former African colonies became League of Nations mandates.
Liang 研究過德國在非洲的前殖民地如何成為國際聯盟的託管地。
collocation: League of Nations mandate
The UN mandate system eventually led most territories toward full independence.
聯合國的託管制度最終帶領大多數地區邁向完全獨立。
South West Africa remained a mandate long after other territories gained self-rule.
西南非洲長期維持託管地地位，而其他地區早已獲得自治。
- trust territory
the later UN term that replaced 'mandate' after World War II
- protectorate
a broader historical term for a region under another state's protection
文法句型
[country] + mandate
mandate over + region
用法筆記
Primarily appears in historical or political-science contexts referring to the League of Nations (1920–1946) or early UN periods. Not used for modern territorial administration.
mandate — 動詞
1. to give formal permission for an action, policy, or programme to happen, typical
授權
正式批准政策或行動
to give formal permission for an action, policy, or programme to happen, typically through an official decision or law
The government mandated a nationwide vaccination programme for everyone over sixty-five.
政府授權了一項針對六十五歲以上長者的全國疫苗接種計畫。
mandate + noun phrase: authorise a programme
Heloísa was mandated by the board to lead the new diversity initiative.
Heloísa 受董事會委任，負責主導新的多元共融計畫。
passive: be mandated + to-infinitive
The new regulations mandate that every public building install wheelchair-accessible entrances.
新法規明令所有公共建築都必須設置無障礙出入口。
Lien's team was mandated to develop a cheaper solar panel for rural villages.
Lien 的團隊受命開發一種更便宜的太陽能板，供鄉村地區使用。
- forbid
to officially refuse permission for something
文法句型
mandate + noun phrase
be mandated + to-infinitive
mandate + that-clause
用法筆記
Often used in passive voice ('be mandated'). The subject is typically a governing body — government, board, council, court, or regulatory agency. Distinguish from verb sense 2: this sense permits or authorises, whereas sense 2 compels or requires.
常見錯誤
2. to order that something must be done, especially through an official rule, law,
強制；命令
依法要求必須執行
to order that something must be done, especially through an official rule, law, or court decision that people are obliged to follow
Federal law now mandates that all new cars include automatic braking systems.
聯邦法規現在強制要求所有新車都必須配備自動煞車系統。
mandate + that-clause for legal requirement
The court mandated the company to pay two million dollars to the affected community.
法院命令該公司向受影響的社區支付兩百萬美元。
mandate + object + to-infinitive
Vivek's school mandated that all students complete at least forty hours of community service.
Vivek 就讀的學校強制規定所有學生必須完成至少四十小時的社區服務。
The city council mandated mask-wearing in all indoor public areas during the outbreak.
在疫情期間，市議會強制規定在室內公共場所都要佩戴口罩。
- prohibit
to officially forbid something by law or rule
文法句型
mandate + that-clause
mandate + object + to-infinitive
be mandated + to-infinitive
用法筆記
Stronger than 'authorise': this sense compels action rather than merely permitting it. The pattern 'mandate that + subject + verb (subjunctive)' is common in formal American legal English. In British English, 'mandate that + subject + should + verb' is also found.