slump
/slʌmp/ (bre, ipa) · /slʌmp/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈsləmp/ (ame, mw)
slump — 動詞
- slumppresent simple I / you / we / they
- slumpshe / she / it
- slumpedpast simple
- slumping-ing form
1. If prices, sales, or economic values slump, they fall suddenly by a large amount
暴跌；驟降
價格、銷售量等突然大幅下降
If prices, sales, or economic values slump, they fall suddenly by a large amount, often after a period of being steady or high.
Global oil prices slumped by nearly 30% in the first three months of the year.
全球油價在前三個月內暴跌了近30%。
slump + by + percentage
The company's shares slumped to an all-time low after the scandal broke.
醜聞爆發後，該公司股價暴跌至歷史新低。
slump + to + level
Demand for new housing slumped when interest rates went up.
利率上升後，新屋需求急遽下降。
Exports slumped dramatically during the trade dispute.
貿易爭議期間出口量大幅滑落。
- plummet
stronger and more dramatic than slump; suggests a very steep, rapid fall
- drop sharply
less dramatic than slump; a neutral way to describe a steep fall
- decline
slower, more gradual; no connotation of suddenness
文法句型
slump + by [amount]
slump + to [level]
用法筆記
Often used with a prepositional phrase beginning with 'by' (to indicate the amount of the fall) or 'to' (to indicate the new lower level). Subject is typically a market figure: prices, sales, profits, demand, or shares.
常見錯誤
2. To fall, sit, or lie down heavily and suddenly, especially because you feel very
癱倒；頹坐
因疲倦或無力而沉重倒下或坐下
To fall, sit, or lie down heavily and suddenly, especially because you feel very tired, weak, or upset.
Exhausted after the twelve-hour shift, Mei-Lin slumped onto the sofa and closed her eyes.
上了十二小時的班筋疲力竭，Mei-Lin 癱倒在沙發上閉上了眼睛。
slump + onto + object (showing collapse onto surface)
When Omar heard the terrible news, he slumped against the wall and slid to the floor.
Omar 聽到那個壞消息後，整個人靠著牆癱坐在地上。
The old man's head slumped forward onto his chest as he fell asleep in his armchair.
老先生在扶手椅上睡著了，頭垂到胸前。
The injured runner reached the finish line and then slumped to the ground immediately.
受傷的跑者衝過終點線後，隨即癱倒在地。
- straighten up
to make your body upright again
- sit up
to move into an upright sitting position
文法句型
slump + into/onto/over/down
用法筆記
Almost always followed by an adverb or prepositional phrase showing direction or location (into, onto, over, against, forward, to the ground). Without this phrase the verb feels incomplete.
常見錯誤
slump — 名詞
- slumpsingular
- slumpsplural
1. A sudden and large drop in the price, sales, or estimated worth of something, us
暴跌；驟降
價格、價值或銷售量突然大幅下滑
A sudden and large drop in the price, sales, or estimated worth of something, usually compared against an earlier higher level.
The housing market experienced a sharp slump after the central bank raised interest rates.
央行調升利率後，房市經歷了一波急遽暴跌。
a sharp slump in [market/sector]
Car manufacturers reported a 20% slump in sales compared to last year.
汽車製造商報告銷售量與去年相比暴跌了20%。
The company blamed the profit slump on higher production costs and lower consumer confidence.
公司將利潤驟降歸咎於生產成本提高及消費者信心降低。
文法句型
a slump in [something]
a [adjective] slump
用法筆記
Commonly used in financial news and business reports. Often modified by adjectives like 'sharp', 'serious', 'dramatic', or 'massive'.
2. A period, lasting months or years, during which an economy or a major industry i
蕭條；不景氣
經濟或行業長期低迷的時期
A period, lasting months or years, during which an economy or a major industry is doing very badly, with falling production, high unemployment, and low consumer spending.
The country's manufacturing sector has been in a deep slump since the factory closures began.
自工廠開始關閉以來，該國的製造業一直處於嚴重蕭條狀態。
be in a + [adjective] slump
During the economic slump of the early 1990s, many young professionals struggled to find work.
在1990年代初的經濟蕭條時期，許多年輕專業人士很難找到工作。
The construction industry emerged from its three-year slump thanks to new government infrastructure projects.
拜新的政府基礎建設計畫之賜，營造業從長達三年的不景氣中復甦了。
Small businesses were hit hardest by the prolonged economic slump.
長期經濟蕭條對小企業的打擊最為嚴重。
Demand for new office space has fallen into a serious slump as remote work becomes more common.
隨著遠距工作越來越普遍，新辦公空間的需求陷入了長期低迷。
- recession
a technical term in economics; less severe than a depression, but more formal than slump
- depression
much more severe and longer-lasting than a slump
- downturn
milder and more neutral; can be shorter than a slump
文法句型
in a slump
a [adjective] slump
用法筆記
Stronger and more general than noun sense 1 (FALL IN VALUE OR SALES). This sense refers to an extended period of poor economic conditions, not just a single drop in a figure. Often used with 'economic' or the name of a specific industry.
常見錯誤
3. A short period when you feel very tired, have little energy, and find it difficu
倦怠
精力或專注力低落的短暫時期
A short period when you feel very tired, have little energy, and find it difficult to concentrate or work effectively.
Many office workers experience an afternoon slump around 3 p.m. and reach for coffee or a snack.
許多上班族在下午三點左右會經歷午後低潮，忍不住去拿咖啡或零食。
afternoon slump (common collocation for post-lunch tiredness)
To avoid the mid-morning slump, Yuna started eating a protein-rich breakfast instead of sugary cereal.
為了避免上午的倦怠感，Yuna 開始吃富含蛋白質的早餐，而不是含糖榖片。
The doctor told Kwame that his energy slump could be caused by a lack of iron in his diet.
醫生告訴 Kwame，他的體力低潮可能是飲食中缺乏鐵質所造成的。
A short walk outside can help you get through the 2 p.m. slump without reaching for another coffee.
短暫的外出散步有助於度過下午兩點的低潮期，而不必再喝一杯咖啡。
- energy boost
a sudden increase in energy, opposite of an energy slump
- burst of energy
a short, intense period of high energy
文法句型
a [adjective] slump
[time of day] slump
用法筆記
Most commonly used in the phrase 'afternoon slump' to describe the natural drop in energy many people feel after lunch. Can also be used with times of day: 'mid-morning slump', 'late-afternoon slump'.
4. A period during which a sports player or team performs much worse than usual, lo
低潮；低迷期
運動員或球隊表現不佳的時期
A period during which a sports player or team performs much worse than usual, losing games or failing to meet their usual standards.
The basketball team snapped their five-game losing slump with a decisive victory over the defending champions.
這支籃球隊以一場決定性的勝利擊敗衛冕冠軍，終結了連續五場的低迷。
snap / break a slump (end it)
The young tennis star was in a terrible slump, losing seven of her last eight matches.
那位年輕的網球選手陷入嚴重低潮，最近八場比賽輸掉了七場。
After working with a new coach, the golfer finally came out of his two-year slump and won a tournament.
在新教練的指導下，那位高爾夫選手終於走出了長達兩年的低潮，贏得一場錦標賽。
The team's mid-season slump cost them a place in the playoffs.
球隊季中的低迷讓他們失去了季後賽的資格。
- losing streak
more specific; refers only to a series of losses, not just poor performance
- bad patch
informal British English; milder than slump
- dry spell
used especially when a player is not scoring or winning for a period
- winning streak
a series of consecutive wins, opposite of a slump for a team
- hot streak
a period of excellent performance
文法句型
in a slump
a [number]-game slump
用法筆記
In sports journalism, 'slump' is very common. Common verb collocations for ending a slump: 'snap', 'break', 'shake', 'come out of'. Duration adjectives: 'two-game', 'season-long', 'career-worst'.
5. A way of holding your body, especially with your shoulders and head drooping for
垂頭彎腰姿勢
肩膀和頭部向前下垂的姿態
A way of holding your body, especially with your shoulders and head drooping forward and downward, that makes you look tired, sad, or lacking energy.
Teenagers often develop a slump from spending hours hunched over their phones and laptops.
青少年常因為長時間低頭看手機和電腦而養成垂頭彎腰的姿勢。
"Nobody picked me for their team," said Sofia, her shoulders dropping in a sad slump.
「沒有人選我加入他們的隊伍，」Sofia 垂著肩膀沮喪地說。
shoulders dropping in a slump (body-language expression)
The physiotherapist told Amara that her shoulder slump was caused by weak back muscles.
物理治療師告訴 Amara，她的肩膀前傾是背部肌肉無力造成的。
Standing up straight instead of sitting in a slump can immediately improve your breathing and confidence.
與其彎腰駝背坐著，不如挺直身體，這樣可以立刻改善呼吸和自信。
- straight posture
upright, aligned body position
- upright position
sitting or standing with a straight back
文法句型
a slump of the [body part]
用法筆記
This sense describes a physical posture, not a change in financial or performance measures. It is often used in the phrase 'a slump of the shoulders' to describe a gesture showing sadness, defeat, or exhaustion.
6. A traditional American dessert, especially common in New England, made by cookin
美式水果麵點
美國傳統爐上水果焗布丁
A traditional American dessert, especially common in New England, made by cooking sweetened fruit (such as berries or peaches) in a pan and dropping pieces of biscuit dough on top to cook in the fruit juices, usually served warm.
Grandma's blueberry slump was always the most popular dessert at the family reunion.
奶奶做的藍莓水果麵點向來是家庭聚會上最受歡迎的甜點。
Unlike a pie, slump is prepared on the stove top rather than inside an oven, which gives the topping a soft, steamed texture.
和派不同的是，slump 是在爐子上而非烤箱中製作，因此頂層帶有柔軟的蒸製口感。
regional dessert; stovetop preparation method
The cookbook includes a simple recipe for peach slump that takes less than thirty minutes to prepare.
這本食譜收錄了一道簡單的水蜜桃麵點食譜，準備時間不到三十分鐘。
用法筆記
This is a regional American English term, not widely known outside the United States. Related dishes include 'grunt' (similar but steamed), 'cobbler' (baked), and 'crisp' (with a crunchy topping). The name 'slump' may come from the way the dough 'slumps' or settles into the hot fruit.