gut
gut — 動詞
- gutpresent simple I / you / we / they
- guts3rd person singular
- gutting-ing form
- guttedpast simple
1. When a building is gutted by fire, the flames destroy everything inside and only
燒毀內部
建築物內部被火完全燒燬
When a building is gutted by fire, the flames destroy everything inside and only the outer walls remain standing.
A fire gutted the old wooden school hall last Tuesday night.
上週二晚上，一場大火燒毀了那棟老舊的木造校舍內部。
active: gut + building in fire context
The factory was completely gutted by flames before the firefighters arrived.
消防隊抵達之前，那間工廠已被火焰完全燒燬。
passive: be gutted by flames
Many historic buildings in the city centre were gutted during the 1892 fire.
市中心許多歷史建築在 1892 年的大火中內部被完全燒燬。
The church was gutted by a fire that started in the basement kitchen.
那間教堂因地下室廚房起火導致內部被燒燬。
An electrical fault gutted the warehouse and destroyed thousands of boxes of goods.
電線走火燒燬了倉庫內部，數千箱貨物全毀。
文法句型
be gutted + by [fire, flames, blaze]
gut + building/structure
用法筆記
Frequently used in the passive form (be gutted by fire). This sense always describes destruction, not renovation.
常見錯誤
2. To strip out all the interior walls, fittings, and fixtures from a building so t
拆除內部
清空室內重新裝修
To strip out all the interior walls, fittings, and fixtures from a building so that the space can be entirely redesigned and rebuilt from scratch.
The couple gutted the old apartment before installing new plumbing and wiring.
那對夫妻拆除舊公寓內部，然後安裝了新的水電管線。
active: gut + building before renovation work
Lara gutted the kitchen completely and chose new cabinets and tiles.
Lara 把廚房徹底清空，然後選了新的櫥櫃和磁磚。
Developers gutted the factory and turned the space into modern loft apartments.
開發商拆除工廠內部，將其改建成現代化的閣楼公寓。
The entire top floor was gutted so the offices could become open-plan workspaces.
整個頂樓都被清空，以便改造成開放式辦公空間。
Anong decided to gut the bathroom and replace everything from the bathtub to the tiles.
Anong 決定把浴室全部拆除，從浴缸到磁磚全部換新。
文法句型
gut + building/room/kitchen
be gutted + for [renovation, redevelopment]
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this sense describes a deliberate removal of interiors for renovation, not destruction by fire. The subject is a person or developer, not a fire.
常見錯誤
3. To take the internal organs out of a fish, bird, or animal before cooking and pr
取出內臟
烹飪前取出動物內臟
To take the internal organs out of a fish, bird, or animal before cooking and preparing it as food.
The fisherman gutted the trout beside the river before bringing it home for dinner.
漁夫在河邊取出鱒魚的內臟，然後才帶回家做晚餐。
active: gut + fish before cooking
Ryo taught his daughter how to gut a fish properly with a sharp knife.
Ryo 教女兒如何用鋒利的刀子取出魚的內臟。
The cook gutted the chicken, then rinsed it thoroughly under cold running water.
廚師取出雞的內臟，然後在冷水中徹底沖洗乾淨。
At the outdoor market, Putri watched the seller gut the fresh mackerel for her customer.
在露天市場，Putri 看著攤販為客人取出新鮮鯖魚的內臟。
The farm workers killed and gutted the turkeys the night before the holiday feast.
農場工人前一天晚上宰殺了火雞並取出內臟，準備隔天的節日大餐。
- eviscerate
formal or medical term; gut is the everyday word
- clean
broader — includes scaling, removing head; gut is one specific step
- dress
hunting/cooking term for preparing the whole animal; gut is part of dressing
文法句型
gut + fish/animal/bird
gut + [animal] + before [cooking, roasting]
常見錯誤
gut — 名詞
- gutsingular
- gutsplural
1. the long tube inside the body that carries food from the stomach through the pro
消化道
消化食物的體內管道
the long tube inside the body that carries food from the stomach through the process of digestion until waste leaves the body
The doctor explained how food travels through the gut after we swallow it.
醫生說明食物吞下後如何在消化道中移動。
the + gut; passive: is carried through
Regular exercise helps keep your gut healthy and working properly.
規律運動有助於保持消化道健康、正常運作。
your + gut; collocation: keep + gut + healthy
An infection in the gut can make it hard to absorb nutrients from food.
腸道感染會使人難以吸收食物中的營養。
Dario's doctor told him that stress affects the gut more than people realise.
Dario 的醫生告訴他，壓力對腸胃的影響比人們想的還要大。
The human gut contains billions of bacteria that help break down food.
人體腸道含有數十億種幫助分解食物的細菌。
- digestive tract
more formal or technical term for the same physical system
- intestines
more specific; refers to the lower part of the gut, not the stomach
- alimentary canal
scientific term covering the whole digestive passage
文法句型
the + gut
a person's + gut
2. the belly area of a person, describing a stomach that is noticeably big, round,
大肚子
肥胖突出的腹部
the belly area of a person, describing a stomach that is noticeably big, round, or pushes forward
After years of drinking beer every night, Uncle Mateo had grown quite a gut.
每天晚上喝啤酒喝了幾年後，Mateo 叔叔長出了一個大肚子。
have a gut = have a large belly
Adaeze patted her gut and laughed after finishing the huge meal.
Adaeze 吃完那頓大餐後，拍了拍自己的肚子笑了起來。
The old man's gut hung over his belt as he sat reading his newspaper.
那位老人的肚子垂在皮帶外面，他坐在那裡看報紙。
A large gut can put extra pressure on the lower back and knees.
肚子太大會給下背部和膝蓋帶來額外壓力。
James decided to start running when his gut started getting in the way of tying his shoes.
James 的肚子大到開始妨礙他繫鞋帶時，他決定開始跑步。
文法句型
possessive + gut
a + adjective + gut
用法筆記
This sense is informal; in formal or medical contexts, use 'stomach' or 'abdomen' instead. It is almost always used to describe a noticeably large or protruding belly.
常見錯誤
3. the internal organs of an animal, especially the intestines and stomach, often r
內臟
動物的腸胃等內部器官
the internal organs of an animal, especially the intestines and stomach, often removed before cooking the meat
The hunter removed the deer's guts before carrying the meat home.
獵人取出鹿的內臟後才把肉扛回家。
remove + the + [animal]'s + guts
Élise carefully cleaned the fish and threw its guts into the garden for the birds.
Élise 仔細清理了魚，把魚內臟扔到花園裡給鳥吃。
Selim rinsed the pig's guts in cold water before using them as sausage casings.
Selim 用冷水沖洗豬的內臟，然後用來當作香腸的腸衣。
The vet examined the rabbit's guts to find the cause of its illness.
獸醫檢查了兔子的內臟，想找出牠生病的原因。
Zola removed the fish guts at the kitchen sink before rinsing the fillets under the tap.
Zola 在廚房水槽取出魚的內臟，然後在水龍頭下沖洗魚片。
文法句型
the + guts + of + animal
remove + guts
用法筆記
Used in the plural form 'guts' to refer to a collection of internal organs. The singular 'gut' for this sense is rare and would refer to a single organ.
4. a tough thin cord made from animal intestines, traditionally used to string viol
腸線
動物腸製成的琴弦或球拍線
a tough thin cord made from animal intestines, traditionally used to string violins, tennis rackets, and for surgical stitching
Professional violinists used gut strings long before metal or nylon were available.
專業小提琴家在金屬或尼龍弦出現之前，使用的就是腸線琴弦。
gut + strings; past tense: long before...
Tennis rackets were strung with gut until the 1970s when synthetic fibres took over.
網球拍在 1970 年代合成纖維普及之前，都是用腸線穿線的。
The musician preferred the warm tone that gut produced on her cello.
那位音樂家偏愛腸線在她的大提琴上發出的溫暖音色。
Stefan replaced the gut strings on his tennis racket just before the championship match.
Stefan 在冠軍賽前更換了網球拍上的腸線。
- catgut
the full common name for this material
文法句型
made of + gut
gut + string
用法筆記
Often called 'catgut', though it was never made from cats — the name probably comes from 'kitgut' (kit meaning a small violin). Today, synthetic materials have almost completely replaced gut for most uses.
5. a strong, unexplainable belief about a person or a situation that comes from ins
直覺
無法用邏輯解釋的強烈感覺
a strong, unexplainable belief about a person or a situation that comes from instinct rather than from careful reasoning
Anya had a gut feeling that she should not take the job, even though the pay was good.
Anya 有種直覺告訴她不要接受那份工作，儘管薪水不錯。
have a gut feeling + that-clause
Mateo's gut told him the house was a bad investment, so he walked away from the deal.
Mateo 的直覺告訴他那棟房子不是好投資，於是他放棄了那筆交易。
Mira's gut feeling about the candidate turned out to be right after just two weeks on the job.
Mira 對那位應徵者的直覺，在他上班兩週後就被證實是對的。
Hoa's gut feeling told her the patient had internal bleeding, even though the test results looked normal.
Hoa 的直覺告訴她病人有內出血，儘管檢查結果看起來正常。
Hamza ignored his gut feeling and lent the money, which he never got back.
Hamza 不顧直覺把錢借了出去，結果再也沒要回來。
文法句型
have a + gut feeling + (that)
gut + tells + person + that
用法筆記
The subject is often a possessive pronoun ('my gut', 'her gut') or appears in the 'have a gut feeling' construction. This sense is informal; in formal writing, use 'intuition' or 'instinct' instead.
常見錯誤
6. a method of making choices that relies on emotional instinct and immediate feeli
憑直覺
靠感覺而非理性做決定
a method of making choices that relies on emotional instinct and immediate feelings instead of logical analysis and careful thought
When the two candidates seemed equally qualified, Erik went with his gut and hired the quieter one.
兩位應徵者看起來條件差不多時，Erik 憑直覺僱用了比較安靜的那位。
go with + possessive + gut = decide instinctively
Yuna relied on her gut to pick which apartment to rent, and she never regretted it.
Yuna 憑直覺挑選要租哪間公寓，而且從未後悔過。
Experienced poker players learn to trust their gut when the odds are too close to calculate.
有經驗的撲克玩家在勝率太接近而無法計算時，會學會相信自己的直覺。
Following your gut is not always wise when buying a house or making a large investment.
買房子或做大型投資時，憑直覺做決定並不總是明智的。
Rachid made the choice by gut rather than by studying the market reports.
Rachid 憑直覺做選擇，而不是靠研究市場報告。
文法句型
go with + possessive + gut
follow + possessive + gut
by + gut
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 5 (GUT FEELING): sense 5 is the feeling itself ('I have a gut feeling'), while this sense is the decision-making method ('I went with my gut'). The fixed phrase 'go with your gut' is the most common pattern for this sense.
常見錯誤
7. the mental toughness and bravery required when facing a hard, frightening, or un
膽量；勇氣
面對危險或困難的勇氣
the mental toughness and bravery required when facing a hard, frightening, or uncertain situation, for example standing up to an unfair rule or making a major life change
Standing up to the school bully took more guts than Élise thought she had.
對抗校園霸凌需要很大的膽量，Élise 原本沒想到自己有這個勇氣。
plural 'guts' used as an uncountable noun for courage
It takes real guts to admit you were wrong in front of a large audience.
要在眾多聽眾面前承認錯誤，真的很需要勇氣。
'It takes guts + to-infinitive' pattern
Caio did not have the guts to ask his boss for a raise after only three months.
Caio 上班才三個月，沒有膽量向老板要求加薪。
The decision to leave her hometown and move abroad required a lot of guts from Yael.
離開家鄉搬到國外這個決定，需要 Yael 拿出很大的勇氣。
Christopher showed surprising guts when he volunteered to give the first wedding speech.
Christopher 自願在婚禮上第一個致詞時，展現了令人驚訝的勇氣。
文法句型
have the guts + to-infinitive
用法筆記
In this sense, 'guts' is always used in its plural form but takes singular meaning. Frequently appears in the fixed phrase 'have the guts to do something.'
常見錯誤
8. a very narrow stretch of salt water that connects two larger bodies of water, of
狹窄水道
連接兩個較大水體的狹窄水道
a very narrow stretch of salt water that connects two larger bodies of water, often running between islands or along a rugged coastline
The fishing boat passed through a narrow gut between the two rocky islands.
漁船穿過兩個岩石島嶼之間一條狹窄的水道。
countable: 'a gut' as a narrow water passage
Small ships use this gut to avoid the rough currents of the open sea.
小船利用這條狹窄水道來避開外海湍急的海流。
The gut connecting the lake to the ocean is only fifty metres wide at low tide.
連接湖泊和海洋的那條水道在退潮時只有五十公尺寬。
During the storm, the captain steered the vessel into a sheltered gut for safety.
暴風雨期間，船長將船駛入一處有遮蔽的狹窄水道避難。
Local fishermen know every hidden gut along this part of the rocky coastline.
當地漁民熟悉這片岩石海岸附近的每一條隱密水道。
9. the most essential or central part of something, without which it would not func
核心；精髓
事物中最重要或最關鍵的部分
the most essential or central part of something, without which it would not function or have real meaning, such as the key workings of a machine or the heart of an argument
Putri spent hours learning the guts of the computer system before her first day at work.
Putri 在上班第一天之前花了許多時間學習電腦系統的核心運作方式。
phrase: 'the guts of [a system]' meaning internal workings
The real gut of the issue is whether the company can afford to hire more staff.
這個問題的核心在於公司是否負擔得起雇用更多員工。
To fix the old generator you need to understand the guts of how it operates.
要修理那台舊發電機，你必須了解它的內部關鍵零件如何運作。
The gut of the novel is a simple story of love and loss during the civil war.
這部小說的精髓是一個關於內戰中愛與失落的故事。
Tendai believes the gut of a good education is teaching students how to think for themselves.
Tendai 認為良好教育的核心在於教導學生如何獨立思考。
文法句型
the gut of + noun phrase
the guts of + noun phrase
用法筆記
Both 'gut' (singular) and 'guts' (plural) are used in this sense with the same meaning. 'Guts' is more common for physical objects like machines; 'gut' is more common for abstract things like issues or arguments.
常見錯誤
gut — 形容詞
- gutpositive
- guttercomparative
- guttestsuperlative
1. based on a strong emotional feeling about something, rather than on careful thou
直覺的
憑內心感受而非理性分析的
based on a strong emotional feeling about something, rather than on careful thought or available facts
Tunde had a gut feeling that the job interview went well.
Tunde 直覺認為工作面試很順利。
collocation: gut feeling
When the fire alarm went off, Élise's gut reaction was to run to the door.
當火災警報響起時，Élise 的本能反應是跑向門口。
collocation: gut reaction
My gut instinct told me the old house was not a safe place to stay.
我的直覺告訴我那間老舊的房子不是個安全的地方。
Noa trusted her gut response and walked away from the bad deal.
Noa 相信自己的直覺，放棄了那筆不好的交易。
- rational
based on reason rather than emotion
- deliberate
carefully considered over time
文法句型
gut + noun (feeling, reaction, instinct, etc.)
用法筆記
This sense is always used before a noun (attributive position). The noun it modifies is almost always a type of mental or emotional reaction — common collocates include 'feeling', 'reaction', 'instinct', and 'response'.
常見錯誤
2. producing a very powerful effect on someone's emotions or being directly relevan
強烈的
有強烈情感衝擊或直接關聯的
producing a very powerful effect on someone's emotions or being directly relevant to the most central aspects of a situation
The documentary gave a gut-wrenching account of life inside the refugee camp.
這部紀錄片令人揪心地呈現了難民營內的生活。
compound adjective: gut-wrenching
The photo of the injured child was gut-wrenching, and Valentina turned away from the screen.
那張受傷兒童的照片令人揪心，Valentina 不忍直視，轉頭避開了螢幕。
compound adjective: gut-wrenching
Hannah described the film as a gut-level drama about loss and family secrets.
Hannah 將這部電影形容為一部關於失落與家庭秘密的深刻劇情片。
Daichi watched a gut-wrenching documentary about the struggle of refugee families.
Daichi 看了一部關於難民家庭困境的紀錄片，內容令人揪心。
- powerful
broader and less informal; lacks the visceral, physical connotation
- intense
focuses on strength of feeling but does not suggest a gut-level reaction specifically
- hard-hitting
similarly informal and journalistic; emphasises directness more than emotional depth
- mild
gentle in impact or emotion
- superficial
lacking depth or real importance
文法句型
gut- + present participle (wrenching, churning, punching)
用法筆記
Often appears as the first part of a compound adjective formed with a present participle (gut-wrenching, gut-churning, gut-punching) or a noun (gut-level). These compounds are common in journalism and informal speech.
常見錯誤
gut — 縮寫
1. a scientific model that tries to explain three of the four fundamental forces of
大統一理論
統一三種基本作用力的物理理論
a scientific model that tries to explain three of the four fundamental forces of nature — the strong nuclear force, the weak nuclear force, and the electromagnetic force — as different parts of a single force
Many physicists believe a GUT could describe how all particles interact.
許多物理學家相信大統一理論能夠描述所有粒子如何相互作用。
article 'a' before abbreviation GUT
The search for a GUT is one of the biggest goals in modern physics.
尋找大統一理論是現代物理學最重要的目標之一。
Professor Chen drew a diagram of a GUT on the whiteboard for the graduate physics class.
陳教授在白板上畫了一張大統一理論的示意圖，向研究所物理課的學生講解。
Eric read about different GUT models in his physics textbook.
Eric 在物理課本上讀到了不同的大統一理論模型。
Experiments that test GUT predictions need enormous amounts of energy.
用來驗證大統一理論預測的實驗需要極大的能量。
- unified field theory
a broader concept that also aims to include gravity; GUT is one kind of unified theory
- grand unification theory
the full written-out form of the same abbreviation; interchangeable in meaning
文法句型
GUT + noun (model, prediction)
a/the GUT
用法筆記
Always written in capital letters (GUT) to distinguish it from the unrelated word 'gut' (stomach or instinct). In scientific writing, GUT is typically introduced with the full phrase 'grand unified theory' at first use and the abbreviation thereafter.