abruptness
abruptness — 名詞
1. the state in which something takes place without warning, leaving little or no t
突然
毫無預警發生的狀態
the state in which something takes place without warning, leaving little or no time to get ready
Iker was shocked by the abruptness of the storm that ended their picnic.
Iker 對於那場突如其來的暴風雨打斷了他們的野餐感到震驚。
pattern: the abruptness of [event/noun]
The abruptness of the movie's ending left the audience confused.
電影結局之突然讓觀眾感到困惑。
Nia had not expected the abruptness with which her summer job came to an end.
Nia 沒有料到她的暑期工會那麼突然就結束了。
The abruptness of the snowfall forced the school to close for two days.
降雪來得太突然，學校因此停課了兩天。
Omar noticed the abruptness of the road's end where the cliff began.
Omar 注意到道路在懸崖邊突然終止。
- suddenness
more neutral and slightly more common; focuses on speed rather than the surprising element
- unexpectedness
emphasises surprise rather than speed
- gradualness
the opposite quality of happening slowly and predictably
用法筆記
Common with 'of' + a noun describing an event or change: the abruptness of the decision / the abruptness of her departure.
常見錯誤
2. a way of speaking or behaving that feels dismissive because the words or actions
生硬；唐突
說話或態度過於簡短而顯得不禮貌
a way of speaking or behaving that feels dismissive because the words or actions are much too short and direct for the situation
The abruptness of the receptionist's reply made Brooke feel unwelcome at the clinic.
櫃檯接待員回話的生硬態度讓 Brooke 在診所裡感到不受歡迎。
pattern: the abruptness of [person]'s [speech noun]
Ramón was hurt by the abruptness of his coworker's response during the team meeting.
Ramón 因為同事在小組會議上回答得很生硬而感到難過。
Lakshmi found the abruptness of the waiter's tone rude and unnecessary.
Lakshmi 覺得服務生的語氣既粗魯又沒必要那麼生硬。
Haruto tried to ignore the abruptness in his manager's emails about the project.
Haruto 試著不去在意經理在專案郵件裡那種唐突的語氣。
Renata apologised for the abruptness of her answer on the phone.
Renata 為自己在電話裡回答得太過生硬而道歉。
- curtness
narrower — specifically about using few words; the most direct synonym for this sense
- brusqueness
slightly stronger, suggesting a hurried and almost impatient manner
- politeness
the behaviour of being respectful and considerate in speech
- warmth
a friendly and welcoming manner, opposite of cold brevity
用法筆記
Used for spoken or written communication. The behaviour feels rude because the person does not use polite expressions or give explanations.
常見錯誤
abruptness — 形容詞
- abruptnesspositive
- more abruptnesscomparative
- most abruptnesssuperlative
1. happening or ending so quickly that you are surprised and have no time to prepar
突然；驟然
毫無預警地發生或改變
happening or ending so quickly that you are surprised and have no time to prepare
The car came to an abrupt stop when a deer ran across the road.
一隻鹿跑過馬路時，那輛車突然停了下來。
collocation: abrupt stop
Beatrix made an abrupt decision to leave the party after the argument.
Beatrix 在爭吵後突然決定離開派對。
collocation: abrupt decision
The hike ended with an abrupt drop in temperature as the sun went down.
隨著太陽下山，登山途中氣溫驟降。
Valentina noticed an abrupt change in her grandmother's health last winter.
Valentina 注意到去年冬天祖母的健康狀況發生了突然的變化。
There was an abrupt silence when Takeshi walked into the room.
Takeshi 一走進房間，室內便陷入一陣突兀的寂靜。
- sudden
more neutral; 'abrupt' adds a slight sense of being jarring or unnatural
- unexpected
focuses on the surprise factor rather than speed
用法筆記
Common with nouns like stop, change, departure, end, silence. Describes events that break a normal pattern without warning.
常見錯誤
2. saying so few words in a conversation that you seem rude, unfriendly, or annoyed
唐突；魯莽
說話簡短到讓人不舒服
saying so few words in a conversation that you seem rude, unfriendly, or annoyed
Mark gave an abrupt reply and walked away from the conversation.
Mark 草率地回答了一句後便走開了。
collocation: abrupt reply
The professor's abrupt tone made the student afraid to ask another question.
教授唐突的語氣讓那位學生不敢再問問題。
collocation: abrupt tone
Ilan was known for his abrupt manner when he was busy with work.
Ilan 在工作忙碌時是出了名的態度生硬。
Brooke received an abrupt email that did not even say hello.
Brooke 收到了一封連問候語都沒有的唐突電子郵件。
Selim regretted his abrupt answer as soon as the words left his mouth.
Selim 話一出口便後悔自己回答得太過魯莽。
用法筆記
Describes speech or communication style. Distinguish from sense 1 (SUDDEN): a person can speak abruptly (curtly) without anything being sudden.
常見錯誤
3. lacking a smooth or natural connection between one part and the next, so that mo
不流暢；突兀
銜接不順、缺乏連貫性
lacking a smooth or natural connection between one part and the next, so that movement or progress feels broken
The music had an abrupt shift from one melody to another without warning.
那段音樂毫無過渡地突然轉到另一個旋律。
collocation: abrupt shift
Readers complained about the abrupt transitions between chapters in the novel.
讀者們抱怨小說中章節之間的轉換過於突兀。
collocation: abrupt transition
The dancer's movements were too abrupt for the slow piece of music.
舞者的動作對於那首節奏緩慢的樂曲來說太過生硬。
Kwame found the abrupt change of topic confusing during the lecture.
Kwame 覺得講座中話題突然切換讓人摸不著頭緒。
There was an abrupt break in the recording where the tape had snapped.
錄音帶因磁帶斷裂而出現了一處突然的中斷。
- disconnected
broader — describes things that do not fit together smoothly
- jerky
more physical — describes movement that is not fluid
用法筆記
Used for creative works (music, writing, film) and physical movement. Describes a lack of smoothness that feels jarring, often unintentional.
4. having a physical end or boundary that looks sharp, as though it has been sliced
陡峭；截斷
邊緣或末端像被切斷般陡直
having a physical end or boundary that looks sharp, as though it has been sliced away
The cliff face was abrupt where a large piece had fallen away.
懸崖面因一大塊岩石脫落而顯得陡峭筆直。
used for physical landscape features
Allison drew an abrupt line across the page to mark where the text ended.
Allison 在紙上畫了一條截然的線條標示文字結束的位置。
The abrupt edge of the broken plate cut Indra's finger when she picked it up.
破盤子的尖銳邊緣割傷了 Indra 的手指。
The garden ended in an abrupt drop down to the river below.
花園的盡頭是陡峭的崖坡，直落至下方的河流。
Imran noticed the abrupt line where the forest stopped and the field began.
Imran 注意到森林與田野之間那條截然的分界線。
用法筆記
The least common sense. Typically used for physical shapes, edges, and landscapes rather than events or behaviour. Distinguish from sense 1 (SUDDEN) which describes timing; this sense describes physical appearance.