charge

charge — 動詞

1. to ask someone to pay a specific amount in exchange for a product, a service, or

1.動詞及物 / 不及物B1
釋義

收費

要求支付費用

to ask someone to pay a specific amount in exchange for a product, a service, or the right to use something

例句

The garage charged Liang £80 for repairing his car brakes.

修車廠向 Liang 收取 80 英鎊修理他的汽車煞車。

charge + [someone] + [amount] + for + [something]

How much does the hotel charge for a room with a sea view?

這家旅館對一間海景房收費多少？

charge + [amount] + for + [something] (question form)

同義詞
  • bill

    more formal; usually used when an invoice is sent later rather than payment at the time

  • ask

    less specific; does not focus on money being collected for a service

反義詞

文法句型

charge + [someone] + [amount] + for + [something]

charge + [amount] + for + [something]

用法筆記

Common in business, retail, and service contexts. Can take two objects: the person paying and the amount.

常見錯誤

❌The shop charged £10 for me.
✅The shop charged me £10.
💡The person is usually placed right after 'charge' before the amount.

2. to record a purchase on a customer's account so that the total amount can be pai

2.動詞及物B1
釋義

記帳

記在帳上供日後支付

to record a purchase on a customer's account so that the total amount can be paid at a later date, rather than asking for cash or card payment at the time

例句

Rachel charged her new coat to her mother's account at the shop.

Rachel 把她新買的外套記在她母親的商店帳戶上。

charge + [something] + to + [account]

The hotel said they would charge the meal to James's room bill.

旅館表示會把餐費記在 James 的房間帳單上。

同義詞
  • put on

    less formal; 'Could you put it on my account?'

  • bill

    can also mean sending an invoice, not necessarily to a specific account

反義詞
  • pay

    to settle the amount immediately rather than deferring payment

文法句型

charge + [something] + to + [someone / account]

charge + [someone] + [amount]

用法筆記

Subject is usually a business or service provider. The preposition 'to' introduces the account or person being billed.

3. when law enforcement tells someone in an official way that they are believed to

3.動詞及物B2
釋義

起訴

警方正式指控犯罪

when law enforcement tells someone in an official way that they are believed to have broken the law and will have to answer for it in court

例句

The police charged Obi with stealing money from the office safe.

警方以竊取辦公室保險箱中的錢為由起訴 Obi。

charge + [someone] + with + [crime]

Hamza was charged with driving without a valid licence last week.

Hamza 上週被以無有效駕照駕駛的罪名起訴。

passive: be charged with [crime]

同義詞
  • indict

    more formal and specific to a grand jury's decision, usually for serious crimes

  • prosecute

    broader — refers to the whole legal process against someone, not just the initial accusation

反義詞
  • acquit

    when a court decides someone is not guilty after a trial

  • clear

    when someone is officially found to have done nothing wrong

文法句型

charge + [someone] + with + [crime]

用法筆記

Frequently passive ('was charged with'). Subject is typically the police or a prosecutor. The crime follows 'with' as a gerund or noun phrase.

常見錯誤

❌He was charged for stealing.
✅He was charged with stealing.
💡The preposition is always 'with', not 'for'.

4. to state openly that a person, group, or organisation has behaved wrongly or has

4.動詞及物B2
釋義

指控

公開指責他人做錯事

to state openly that a person, group, or organisation has behaved wrongly or has broken a rule, without necessarily involving the police

例句

Critics charged the mayor with ignoring the needs of poor families.

批評者指控市長忽視貧困家庭的需求。

charge + [someone] + with + [gerund phrase]

Mathieu's opponents charged him with lying about his work experience.

Mathieu 的對手指控他虛報工作經歷。

同義詞
  • accuse

    more common in everyday speech; 'charge' is slightly more formal

  • allege

    more formal; often used in journalism before a court has decided

反義詞
  • defend

    to speak in support of someone against an accusation

文法句型

charge + [someone] + with + [doing something bad]

charge + that + [clause]

用法筆記

Distinguish from sense 3: this sense does not involve a police or legal procedure — it is a public claim of wrongdoing. Common in political, journalistic, and workplace contexts.

常見錯誤

❌She charged him for being dishonest.
✅She charged him with being dishonest.
💡Use 'with', not 'for', for the wrongdoing.

5. to run or move very fast towards a person or thing, often in an aggressive or vi

5.動詞及物 / 不及物B2
釋義

衝鋒；衝向

快速猛烈地向前移動

to run or move very fast towards a person or thing, often in an aggressive or violent way, especially in order to attack

例句

The bull suddenly charged at the farmer who was crossing the field.

公牛突然衝向正在穿越田地的農夫。

charge + at + [someone]

When the door opened, the excited dogs charged towards their owner.

門一打開，興奮的狗就衝向牠們的主人。

同義詞
  • rush

    less aggressive; can simply mean moving quickly without violent intent

  • attack

    focuses on the act of harming rather than the movement towards the target

反義詞
  • retreat

    to move away from a danger or opponent

  • flee

    to run away from something threatening

文法句型

charge + at + [someone / something]

charge + towards + [someone / something]

charge + [someone / something]

用法筆記

Often used with a preposition of direction (at, towards, across, into). When transitive, the object is the person or thing being attacked.

6. to move quickly from one place or activity to another, often because you have ma

6.動詞不及物B1
釋義

奔波

匆忙地四處奔走

to move quickly from one place or activity to another, often because you have many things to do in a short time

例句

Ada spent the whole morning charging around town buying supplies for the party.

Ada 花了整個早上在城裡奔波採買派對用品。

charge around [place]

The nurses charged from one room to another during the emergency.

護理人員在緊急狀況下從一個房間奔波到另一個房間。

同義詞
  • rush

    more general; does not require a direction phrase

  • dash

    implies even greater speed and urgency

反義詞
  • amble

    to walk at a slow, relaxed pace

  • linger

    to stay in a place longer than necessary

文法句型

charge + [adverb / prepositional phrase]

用法筆記

Always takes an adverb or prepositional phrase indicating direction (around, about, through, between). Never used without a complement.

常見錯誤

❌She charged to finish her work.
✅She charged around the office to finish her work.
💡This sense needs a direction phrase, not an infinitive of purpose.

7. in basketball and similar sports, to run into or push an opposing player, commit

7.動詞及物 / 不及物
釋義

衝撞犯規

籃球等運動中違規衝撞對手

in basketball and similar sports, to run into or push an opposing player, committing a foul under the rules.

例句

The referee called a foul when Rachid charged into the defender near the basket.

裁判吹哨表示 Rachid 衝撞籃下的防守球員，構成犯規。

charge + into + opponent noun phrase

If a player charges during a basketball match, the other team gets the ball.

如果在籃球比賽中衝撞對手，對方球隊就會獲得球權。

同義詞
  • run into

    less formal; describes the physical action without implying a rules violation

  • barge into

    more informal; suggests careless or rude contact

文法句型

charge + into/toward + noun phrase

charge + noun phrase (opponent)

用法筆記

This sense applies mainly to basketball and American football. Distinguish from sense 6, where charge means to hurry — in sense 7 the contact with another player is the key element.

常見錯誤

❌The player charged to the basket and scored.
✅The player charged into the defender and was called for a foul.
💡In this sense, charge is about illegal contact, not about moving toward the goal.

8. to load a gun, cannon, or similar weapon with enough explosive material for one

8.動詞及物
釋義

裝彈；裝火藥

把火藥裝入槍砲等武器

to load a gun, cannon, or similar weapon with enough explosive material for one shot.

例句

The soldier carefully charged his rifle before the training exercise began.

那名士兵在訓練開始前仔細地為步槍裝填火藥。

transitive: charge + weapon (rifle)

Eleni watched her grandfather charge the old hunting gun with black powder.

Eleni 看著祖父把黑色火藥裝進那把老獵槍。

charge + weapon + with + explosive material

同義詞
  • load

    more general; can apply to any weapon and is far more common in modern use

  • fill with powder

    descriptive phrase; clarifies the specific action

文法句型

charge + noun phrase (weapon) + with + noun phrase (explosive)

用法筆記

This sense is historical or specialist in modern contexts, as most firearms today use pre-loaded cartridges rather than being charged manually.

常見錯誤

❌He charged the gun with bullets.
✅He charged the gun with gunpowder.
💡Charging a weapon refers to loading the explosive material (powder), not the projectile (bullet).

9. to formally order or instruct someone to do a particular task or take on a respo

9.動詞及物
釋義

命令；指示

正式命令某人執行任務

to formally order or instruct someone to do a particular task or take on a responsibility.

例句

The general charged the soldiers with guarding the supply route through the mountains.

將軍命令士兵負責守衛山區的補給路線。

charge + someone + with + gerund phrase

Rachid was charged with organising the school's annual charity fundraiser this year.

Rachid 被指派負責籌辦今年學校的年度慈善募款活動。

passive: be charged with + gerund phrase

同義詞
  • task

    similar formality; often used as 'task someone with'

  • assign

    more neutral; lacks the authoritative tone of charge

反義詞
  • relieve

    opposite meaning: to remove someone from a duty or responsibility

文法句型

be charged with + noun phrase / gerund

charge + someone + to-infinitive

用法筆記

Frequently used in the passive (be charged with + task). Unlike sense 10, this sense is not limited to legal proceedings — the person giving the order can be any authority figure.

常見錯誤

❌The boss charged him to not be late.
✅The boss charged him with arriving on time.
💡The pattern is charge with a positive task, not charge not to do something.

10. when a judge gives a jury official instructions about the laws they must apply i

10.動詞及物
釋義

陪審指示

法官向陪審團解釋適用法條

when a judge gives a jury official instructions about the laws they must apply in order to reach a verdict in a court case.

例句

The judge charged the jury to disregard any information they had seen in the news.

法官指示陪審團不得採信他們在新聞中看到的任何資訊。

charge + jury + to-infinitive

Before the jury began their talks, the judge charged them on the legal meaning of self-defence.

在陪審團開始討論前，法官就「正當防衛」的法律定義對他們做出指示。

charge + jury + on + legal topic

同義詞
  • instruct

    the standard alternative in modern legal English; 'the judge instructed the jury'

  • direct

    formal legal term; used in the same way

文法句型

charge + noun phrase (jury) + to-infinitive

charge + noun phrase (jury) + on + noun phrase

用法筆記

Only applies to a judge speaking to a jury. Do not use for general orders — that is sense 9. This sense belongs to legal procedure and rarely appears outside court or courtroom drama contexts.

常見錯誤

❌The manager charged the jury with finding the problem.
✅The judge charged the jury on the law before they reached a verdict.
💡Only a judge can charge a jury, and only in a courtroom setting.

11. to put electrical energy into a battery or device so that it can store power and

11.動詞及物 / 不及物B2
釋義

充電

將電能輸入電池或裝置

to put electrical energy into a battery or device so that it can store power and work without being plugged into a mains socket.

例句

Hyun forgot to charge his phone before leaving for the airport in the morning.

Hyun 在早上出發去機場前，忘了幫手機充電。

transitive: charge + device (phone)

The electric car needs to charge for at least six hours to fill the battery fully.

這輛電動車需要充電至少六小時，電池才能完全滿電。

passive: be charged for [duration]

同義詞
  • recharge

    implies the device was already charged before and has run low; more specific

  • power up

    informal; can mean both turning on and charging

  • plug in

    focuses on connecting to the socket rather than the electrical process

反義詞
  • discharge

    the opposite process; when a battery loses its stored energy

  • drain

    informal; to use up all the battery power

文法句型

charge + noun phrase (device/battery)

charge up + noun phrase

noun phrase (device) charges

用法筆記

Can be used transitively (I charge the battery) or intransitively (the battery charges). The phrasal verb charge up is common in informal speech.

常見錯誤

❌My phone is dead because I forgot to charge.
✅My phone is dead because I forgot to charge it.
💡When using charge transitively, the device or battery must be stated.

charge — 名詞